# Layer-by-layer resistive switching: multi-state functionality due to electric-field-induced healing of "dead" layers

## TL;DR

This paper uncovers a layer-by-layer resistive switching mechanism in perovskite manganite surfaces, where electric fields induce healing of dead layers, enabling multilevel, reversible resistive states suitable for neuromorphic applications.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel, structurally driven switching mechanism involving electric-field-induced healing of dead layers in manganite surfaces, enabling multilevel resistive states.

## Key findings

- Resistive states are well-defined and robust.
- Switching involves monolayer changes in tunnel barrier thickness.
- Mechanism is based on healing of dead layers.

## Abstract

Materials exhibiting reversible resistive switching in electrical fields are highly demanded for functional elements in oxide electronics. In particular, multilevel switching effects allow for advanced applications like neuromorphic circuits. Here we report on a structurally driven switching mechanism involving the so-called `dead layers' of perovskite manganite surfaces. Forming a tunnel barrier whose thickness can be changed in monolayer steps by electrical fields, the switching effect exhibits well-defined and robust resistive states.