# Activated barrier crossing dynamics of a Janus particle carrying cargo

## TL;DR

This study investigates how a self-propelled Janus particle with cargo escapes from a metastable state, highlighting the roles of hydrodynamics, rotational dynamics, and self-propulsion in escape kinetics.

## Contribution

It introduces a numerical model incorporating hydrodynamic interactions and cargo dynamics to analyze escape behavior of Janus particles with cargo.

## Key findings

- Hydrodynamic interactions significantly enhance escape rates.
- Synchronization of barrier crossing and rotational relaxation increases escape efficiency.
- Rotational dynamics and self-propulsion velocity control cargo carrying capability.

## Abstract

We numerically study the escape kinetics of a self-propelled Janus particle, carrying a cargo, from a meta-stable state. We assume that the cargo is attached to the Janus particle by a flexible harmonic spring. We take into account the effect of velocity field, created in the fluid due to movements of dimer's components, by considering space-dependent diffusion tensor (Oseen tensor). Our simulation results show that the synchronization between barrier crossing events and rotational relaxation process can enhance escape rate to a large extent. Also, the load carrying capability of a Janus particle is largely controlled by its rotational dynamics and self-propulsion velocity. Moreover, the hydrodynamic interaction, conspicuously, enhances the escape rate of the Janus-cargo dimer. The most of the important features in escape kinetics have been justified based on the analytic arguments.