A General protocol for Distributed Quantum Gates

TL;DR

This paper presents a universal protocol for implementing remote multi-qubit controlled-U gates in distributed quantum systems, optimizing resource use and applying it specifically to Toffoli gates in bipartite and tripartite networks.

Contribution

It introduces a general, resource-efficient protocol for remote multi-qubit gates, including Toffoli, applicable to bipartite and tripartite quantum networks.

Findings

Protocol minimizes entanglement resources needed.

Application to Toffoli gate demonstrates practical utility.

Optimal resource usage when qubits are grouped.

Abstract

Distributed quantum computation requires to apply quantum remote gates on separate nodes or subsystems of network. On the other hand, Toffoli gate is a universal and well-known quantum gate. It is frequently used in synthesis of quantum circuits. In this paper, a general protocol for implementing a remote n-qubit controlled-U gate is presented with minimum required resources. Then, the proposed method is applied for implementing a Toffoli gate in bipartite and tripartite systems. This method also is optimal when group of the qubits belong to one part, section or subsystem of network. Because it only use one entangled qubit for each group of the qubits in mentioned conditions.