Nonlinear Dynamics of Spherical Shells Buckling under Step Pressure

TL;DR

This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic buckling behavior of spherical shells under rapid step pressure, highlighting the influence of imperfections, damping, and nonlinear mode interactions on buckling thresholds.

Contribution

It introduces a nonlinear dynamics perspective to analyze how imperfections and damping affect the dynamic buckling thresholds of spherical shells under step pressure.

Findings

Buckling thresholds form a cascade dependent on damping and imperfections.

Dynamic buckling pressure can be significantly lower than quasi-static pressure.

Damping at the breathing frequency dominates the nonlinear interaction.

Abstract

Dynamic buckling is addressed for complete elastic spherical shells subject to a rapidly applied step in external pressure. Insights from the perspective of nonlinear dynamics reveal essential mathematical features of the buckling phenomena. To capture the strong buckling imperfection-sensitivity, initial geometric imperfections in the form of an axisymmetric dimple at each pole are introduced. Dynamic buckling under the step pressure is related to the quasi-static buckling pressure. Both loadings produce catastrophic collapse of the shell for conditions in which the pressure is prescribed. Damping plays an important role in dynamic buckling because of the time-dependent nonlinear interaction among modes, particularly the interaction between the spherically symmetric 'breathing' mode and the buckling mode. In this paper we argue that the precise frequency dependence of the damping does not matter as most of the damping happens at a single frequency (the breathing frequency). In general, there is not a unique step pressure threshold separating responses associated with buckling from those that do not buckle. Instead there exists a cascade of buckling thresholds, dependent on the damping and level of imperfection, separating pressures for which buckling occurs from those for which it does not occur. For shells with small and moderately small imperfections the dynamic step buckling pressure can be substantially below the quasi-static buckling pressure.