# Pions near condensation under compact star conditions

## TL;DR

This paper explores the near-condensation behavior of pions in compact star environments, highlighting their stability and potential as anti-neutrino sources in protoneutron stars.

## Contribution

It introduces the concept of nearly stable, condensed pions in compact stars, emphasizing their role in anti-neutrino emission under such extreme conditions.

## Key findings

- Pions can form near-condensation states in compact star conditions.
- These pions are almost stable due to suppressed decay rates.
- Such states could serve as a continuum source of anti-neutrinos.

## Abstract

The behavior of pions is studied in systems where their normal leptonic decay is forbidden. When thermal fluctuations are present, a low decay rate is generated, and as a consequence of lepton recombination, the amount of pions remains almost unaltered. Compact stars conditions are favorable for the formation of such intermediate state of charged pions: near condensation and almost stable, leading to a continuum source of anti-neutrinos. In particular, protoneutron stars could be an scenario where this state of matter is relevant.