Imaging Domains in a Zero-Moment Half Metal

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates direct imaging of magnetic domains in a zero-moment half-metal using polar magneto-optic Kerr effect, revealing complex domain structures in a material with no net magnetic moment.

Contribution

It introduces a method to image domains in compensated ferrimagnetic half-metals, which lack stray fields, using polarized light and Kerr microscopy, providing new insights into their magnetic structure.

Findings

Domains of ~20 μm size were imaged.

Domain walls are meandering with a fractal dimension of 1.85.

The method enables direct observation of magnetic domains in materials with no net moment.

Abstract

We have a choice of methods for examining domains at the surface of a ferromagnet that depend on probing the stray field distribution, but these methods do not work in antiferromagnets or compensated ferrimagnets, which produce no stray field. The discovery of compensated ferrimagnetic half-metals allows for the local magnetization state to be observed directly with polarized light. The example considered here, Mn$_{2}$Ru$_{x}$Ga, has two inequivalent but oppositely-aligned Mn sublattices with equal and opposite moments, but only one of them contributes spin polarized conduction electrons at the Fermi energy. The material looks like an antiferromagnet from the outside, but from the point of view of electronic structure it resembles a spin-polarized ferromagnetic metal. The anisotropy axis is perpendicular to the film plane, which allows domains to be imaged directly by polar magneto-optic Kerr effect. The domain structure in a film with a composition of Mn$_{2}$Ru$_{0.4}$Ga has been imaged in a Kerr microscope and hysteresis loops traced. Domains have dimensions of order 20 {\mu}m with meandering domain walls and a fractal dimension D$_{f}$ = 1.85. Our results open new direct imaging possibilities for magnetically-ordered materials with no net moment.