# Identifications of Faint Chandra Sources in the Globular Cluster M3

## TL;DR

This study used Chandra and Hubble observations to identify and analyze faint X-ray sources in the globular cluster M3, revealing various types of compact objects and their properties, consistent with stellar interaction predictions.

## Contribution

First detailed multi-wavelength identification and spectral analysis of faint X-ray sources in M3, including CVs and qLMXBs, with proper motion confirmation of cluster membership.

## Key findings

- 16 X-ray sources detected within M3's half-light radius.
- Identification of probable CVs and qLMXBs among the sources.
- X-ray source population aligns with predicted stellar interaction rates.

## Abstract

We report a $30~\mathrm{ks}$ $Chandra$ ACIS-S survey of the globular cluster M3. Sixteen X-ray sources were detected within the half-light radius ($2.3'$) with $L_X \gtrsim 2.3 \times 10^{31}~\mathrm{erg~s^{-1}}$. We used $Hubble~Space~Telescope$ WFC3/UVIS and ACS/WFC images to find 10 plausible optical/UV counterparts. We fit the spectral energy distribution of the known cataclysmic variable 1E1339.8+2837 with a blue ($T_\mathrm{eff} = 2.10^{+1.96}_{-0.58}\times 10^4~\mathrm{K}$, 90% conf.) spectral component from an accretion disc, plus a red component ($T_\mathrm{eff} = 3.75_{-0.15}^{+1.05}\times 10^3~\mathrm{K}$) potentially from a subgiant donor. The second brightest source (CX2) has a soft blackbody-like spectrum suggesting a quiescent low-mass X-ray binary (qLMXB) containing a neutron star. Six new counterparts have obvious UV and/or blue excesses, suggesting a cataclysmic variable (CV) or background active galactic nucleus (AGN) nature. Two (CX6 and CX8) have proper motions indicating cluster membership, suggesting a CV nature. CX6 is blue in UV filters but red in V-I, which is difficult to interpret. Two CV candidates, CX7 and CX13, show blue excesses in B-V colour but were not detected in the UV. The other two CV candidates were only detected in the two UV bands ($\mathrm{UV_{275}}$ and $\mathrm{NUV_{336}}$), so do not have proper motion measurements, and may well be AGNs. One $Chandra$ source can be confidently identified with a red straggler (a star redward of the giant branch). The observed X-ray source population of M3 appears consistent with its predicted stellar interaction rate.