# Observation of atom-number fluctuations in optical lattices via quantum collapse and revival dynamics

## TL;DR

This paper experimentally investigates atom number fluctuations in optical lattices using quantum collapse and revival dynamics, demonstrating the evolution from Poissonian to sub-Poissonian fluctuations and potential for creating squeezed states.

## Contribution

It introduces a method to observe and control atom number fluctuations in optical lattices through collapse and revival dynamics, enabling the creation of squeezed states.

## Key findings

- Observed interaction-driven evolution of atom number fluctuations.
- Demonstrated transition from Poissonian to sub-Poissonian statistics.
- Showed potential for generating squeezed states for precision measurement.

## Abstract

Using the quantum collapse and revival phenomenon of a Bose--Einstein condensate in three-dimensional optical lattices, the atom number statistics on each lattice site are experimentally investigated. We observe an interaction driven time evolution of on-site number fluctuations in a constant lattice potential with the collapse and revival time ratio as the figure of merit. Through a shortcut loading procedure, we prepare a three-dimensional array of coherent states with Poissonian number fluctuations. The following dynamics clearly show the interaction effect on the evolution of the number fluctuations from Poissonian to sub-Poissonian. Our method can be used to create squeezed states which are important in precision measurement.