# From Electric Circuits to Chemical Networks

## TL;DR

This paper presents a systematic method to convert linear electric circuits into equivalent chemical reaction networks, enabling the use of electronic design principles in biochemical system engineering.

## Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to translate electric circuit structures into chemical networks, bridging electronics and biochemistry for system design.

## Key findings

- Chemical networks can replicate electric circuit functionalities.
- The method allows leveraging electronic device libraries for biochemical network design.
- Chemical networks derived are intelligible and comparable to natural biochemical systems.

## Abstract

Electric circuits manipulate electric charge and magnetic flux via a small set of discrete components to implement useful functionality over continuous time-varying signals represented by currents and voltages. Much of the same functionality is useful to biological organisms, where it is implemented by a completely different set of discrete components (typically proteins) and signal representations (typically via concentrations). We describe how to take a linear electric circuit and systematically convert it to a chemical reaction network of the same functionality, as a dynamical system. Both the structure and the components of the electric circuit are dissolved in the process, but the resulting chemical network is intelligible. This approach provides access to a large library of well-studied devices, from analog electronics, whose chemical network realization can be compared to natural biochemical networks, or used to engineer synthetic biochemical networks.