# Scaling laws for weakly disordered 1D flat bands

## TL;DR

This paper studies how weak disorder affects localization lengths in 1D flat band systems, revealing universal and non-universal scaling laws through detailed analytical and numerical analysis.

## Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of scaling laws near flat bands in 1D structures, distinguishing universal from disorder-specific behaviors, with explicit analytical derivations for different models.

## Key findings

- Localization length remains microscopic at weak disorder for stub chain.
- Divergence of localization length with exponent 1/2 on pyrochlore ladder.
- Two scaling regimes with exponents 4/3 and 1 on diamond chain.

## Abstract

We investigate Anderson localization on various 1D structures having flat bands. The main focus is on the scaling laws obeyed by the localization length at weak disorder in the vicinity of flat-band energies. A careful distinction is made between situations where the scaling functions are universal (i.e., depend on the disorder distribution only through its width) and where they keep depending on the full shape of the disorder distribution, even in the weak-disorder scaling regime. Three examples are analyzed in detail. On the stub chain, one central flat band is isolated from two lateral dispersive ones. The localization length remains microscopic at weak disorder and exhibits disorder-specific features. On the pyrochlore ladder, the two flat bands are tangent to a dispersive one. The localization length diverges with exponent 1/2 and a non-universal scaling law, whose dependence on the disorder distribution is predicted analytically. On the diamond chain, a central flat band intersects two symmetric dispersive ones. The localization length exhibits two successive scaling regimes, diverging first with exponent 4/3 and a universal law, and then (i.e., further away from the pristine flat band) with exponent 1 and a non-universal law. Both scaling functions are also derived by analytical means.