Particle physics experiments based on the AWAKE acceleration scheme

TL;DR

The paper discusses the AWAKE experiment at CERN, which explores proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration to develop compact, high-energy electron beams for new physics experiments, including dark sector searches and high-energy colliders.

Contribution

It reports on the progress and goals of the AWAKE experiment in demonstrating scalable proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration for high-energy electron beam production.

Findings

Initial data supports proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration.

Potential to produce 50 GeV electron beams for new physics experiments.

Long-term goal of achieving 3 TeV electron beams for collider applications.

Abstract

New particle acceleration schemes open up exciting opportunities, potentially providing more compact or higher-energy accelerators. The AWAKE experiment at CERN is currently taking data to establish the method of proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration. A second phase aims to demonstrate that bunches of about $10^9$ electrons can be accelerated to high energy, preserving emittance and that the process is scalable with length. With this, an electron beam of $O$(50 GeV) could be available for new fixed-target or beam-dump experiments searching for the hidden sector, like dark photons. The rate of electrons on target could be increased by a factor of more than 1000 compared to currently available, leading to a corresponding increase in sensitivity to new physics. Such a beam could also be brought into collision with a high-power laser and thereby probe the completely unmeasured region of strong fields at values of the Schwinger critical field. An ultimate goal is to produce an electron beam of $O$(3 TeV) and collide with an LHC proton beam. This very high energy electron-proton collider would probe a new regime in which the structure of matter is completely unknown.