Ternary Nb3Sn superconductors with artificial pinning centers and high upper critical fields

TL;DR

This paper reports the development of ternary Nb3Sn superconductors with artificial pinning centers that achieve high critical fields and current densities, showing promise for high-field magnet applications.

Contribution

Introduction of artificial pinning centers in ternary Nb3Sn conductors to enhance critical fields and current density, with detailed analysis of their performance and potential for further optimization.

Findings

Upper critical field (Bc2) of 27-28 T at 4.2 K

Non-Cu Jc of nearly 1200 A/mm2 at 16 T and 4.2 K

Nb3Sn layer Jc of 4710 A/mm2 at 16 T, 4.2 K

Abstract

In this letter we demonstrate the development of ternary Nb3Sn multifilamentary conductors with artificial pinning centers (APC) which achieve high critical fields. These recently-developed conductors were tested in a 31 T magnet, and the results showed that their upper critical field (Bc2) values at 4.2 K are 27-28 T, and irreversible field (Birr) values are above 26 T, values similar to or higher than those of best RRP conductors. The non-Cu Jc has been brought to nearly 1200 A/mm2 at 16 T and 4.2 K, comparable to RRP, in spite of the fact that the fine-grain Nb3Sn fractions in filaments are still low (20-30%) and the grain sizes are still not fully refined (70-80 nm) due to conductor designs and heat treatments that are not yet optimized. The Nb3Sn layer Jc at 4.2 K, 16 T is 4710 A/mm2 for the APC wire with 1%Zr, about 2.5 times higher than RRP conductors, in spite of the fact that its grain size is not yet fully refined due to insufficient oxygen and unoptimized heat treatment. An analysis is presented about the non-Cu Jc that can be achieved by further optimizing the APC conductors and their heat treatments.