Revisiting spin-dependent forces mediated by new bosons: Potentials in the coordinate-space representation for macroscopic- and atomic-scale experiments

TL;DR

This paper derives and corrects coordinate-space spin-dependent potentials mediated by new bosons, providing essential tools for interpreting a wide range of experiments searching for new fundamental particles.

Contribution

It presents corrected and comprehensive formulas for spin-dependent potentials in coordinate space, including contact terms, relevant for atomic and macroscopic experiments.

Findings

Derived non-relativistic potentials for boson exchange

Corrected previous literature errors and omissions

Summarized potential properties and experimental relevance

Abstract

The exchange of spin-0 or spin-1 bosons between fermions or spin-polarised macroscopic objects gives rise to various spin-dependent potentials. We derive the coordinate-space non-relativistic potentials induced by the exchange of such bosons, including contact terms that can play an important role in atomic-scale phenomena, and correct for errors and omissions in the literature. We summarise the properties of the potentials and their relevance for various types of experiments. These potentials underpin the interpretation of experiments that search for new bosons, including spectroscopy, torsion-pendulum measurements, magnetometry, parity nonconservation and electric dipole moment experiments.