Impedance spectroscopy studies on lead free Ba$_{1-x}$Mg$_x$(Ti0$_{.9}$Zr$_{0.1}$)O$_3$ ceramics

TL;DR

This study investigates the dielectric and structural properties of lead-free Ba$_{1-x}$Mg$_x$(Ti$_{0.9}$Zr$_{0.1}$)O$_3$ ceramics, revealing relaxor behavior and conduction mechanisms through impedance spectroscopy.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the effects of Mg doping on the structure and dielectric properties of BaTiZrO$_3$ ceramics using impedance spectroscopy.

Findings

Mg doping reduces unit cell volume and grain size.

Ceramics exhibit relaxor ferroelectric behavior.

Activation energies suggest specific conduction mechanisms.

Abstract

Ba1-xMgx(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O3(x= 0.01 and 0.02) ceramics were prepared using the conventional solid state reaction. Rietveld refinement performed on X-ray diffraction patterns indicates that the samples are tetragonal crystal structure with P4mm space group. By increasing Mg content from 1 to 2% the unit cell volume decreased. Likewise, the grains size is greatly reduced from 10 to 4 micrometer. The temperature dependence of dielectric constants at different frequencies exhibited typical relaxor ferroelectric characteristic, with sensitive dependence in frequency and temperature for ac conductivity. The obtained activation energy values were correlated to the proposed conduction mechanisms.