Quantum Bias Cosmology: Acceleration from Holographic Information Capacity

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum bias mechanism based on holographic information capacity that can naturally drive cosmic acceleration, offering an alternative to dark energy and modified gravity, with testable predictions.

Contribution

It introduces a holographic quantum bias effect that modifies Friedmann equations, providing a new quantum cosmology model consistent with observations and predicting late-time phantom acceleration.

Findings

Quantum bias can cause cosmic acceleration without dark energy.

Holographic information capacity leads to scale-dependent acceleration.

Model predicts a Big Rip due to phantom acceleration.

Abstract

I show that a generic quantum phenomenon can drive cosmic acceleration without the need for dark energy or modified gravity. When treating the universe as a quantum system, one typically focuses on the scale factor (of an FRW spacetime) and ignores many other degrees of freedom. However, the information capacity of the discarded variables will inevitably change as the universe expands, generating "quantum bias" (QB) in the Friedmann equations [Phys. Lett. A 382, 36, 2555 (2018)|arXiv:1707.05789]. If information could be stored in each Planck-volume independently, this effect would give rise to a constant acceleration $10^{120}$ times larger than that observed, reproducing the usual cosmological constant problem. However, once information capacity is quantified according to the holographic principle, cosmic acceleration is far smaller and depends on the past behaviour of the scale factor. I calculate this holographic quantum bias, derive the semiclassical Friedmann equations, and obtain their general solution for a spatially-flat universe containing matter and radiation. Comparing these QB-CDM solutions to those of $\Lambda$CDM, the new theory is shown to be falsifiable, but nonetheless consistent with current observations. In general, realistic QB cosmologies undergo phantom acceleration ($w_\mathrm{eff}<-1$) at late times, predicting a Big Rip in the distant future.