OPE and a low-energy theorem in QCD-like theories

TL;DR

This paper verifies a low-energy theorem in QCD-like theories both perturbatively and nonperturbatively, using operator product expansion to relate correlators and explore implications for renormalization and string duality.

Contribution

It provides a detailed perturbative and nonperturbative analysis of a specific low-energy theorem in QCD-like theories using OPE, extending previous work and discussing contact terms and applications.

Findings

Verification of the low-energy theorem asymptotically in the UV

Extraction of perturbative divergences and nonperturbative UV asymptotics

Implications for renormalization and string duality in QCD-like theories

Abstract

We verify, both perturbatively and nonperturbatively asymptotically in the ultraviolet (UV), a special case of a low-energy theorem of the NSVZ type in QCD-like theories, recently derived in arXiv:1701.07833, that relates the logarithmic derivative with respect to the gauge coupling, or the logarithmic derivative with respect to the renormalization-group (RG) invariant scale, of an $n$-point correlator of local operators in one side to an $n+1$-point correlator with the insertion of $Tr F^2$ at zero momentum in the other side. Our computation involves the operator product expansion (OPE) of the scalar glueball operator, $Tr F^2$, in massless QCD, worked out perturbatively in arXiv:1209.1516 -- and in its RG-improved form in the present paper -- by means of which we extract both the perturbative divergences and the nonperturbative UV asymptotics in both sides. We also discuss the role of the contact terms in the OPE, both finite and divergent, discovered some years ago in arXiv:1209.1516, in relation to the low-energy theorem. Besides, working the other way around by assuming the low-energy theorem for any 2-point correlator of a multiplicatively renormalizable gauge-invariant operator, we compute in a massless QCD-like theory the corresponding perturbative OPE to the order of $g^2$ and nonperturbative asymptotics. The low-energy theorem has a number of applications: to the renormalization in asymptotically free QCD-like theories, both perturbatively and nonperturbatively in the large-$N$ 't Hooft and Veneziano expansions, and to the way the open/closed string duality may or may not be realized in the would-be solution by canonical string theories for QCD-like theories, both perturbatively and in the 't Hooft large-$N$ expansion. Our computations will also enter further developments based on the low-energy theorem.