Temperature-dependent oscillation modes in rotating superfluid neutron stars

TL;DR

This paper investigates how finite temperatures and entrainment affect the inertial oscillation modes in rotating superfluid neutron stars, providing new analytical methods and dispersion relations for these complex oscillations.

Contribution

It introduces the first calculation of superfluid neutron star oscillation modes considering both temperature effects and entrainment, along with an analytical approach for superfluid r-modes.

Findings

Finite temperature influences inertial mode spectra.

Entrainment significantly alters oscillation characteristics.

Derived dispersion relations for superfluid inertial modes.

Abstract

We calculate the spectrum of inertial oscillation modes in a slowly rotating superfluid neutron star, including, for the first time, both the effects of finite temperatures and entrainment between superfluid neutrons and protons. We work in the Newtonian limit and assume minimal core composition (neutrons, protons and electrons). We also developed an approximate method that allows one to calculate the superfluid r-mode analytically. Finally, we derive and analyze dispersion relations for inertial modes in the superfluid NS matter in the short wavelength limit.