NuSTAR Detection of Nonthermal Bremsstrahlung from the Supernova Remnant W49B

TL;DR

NuSTAR observations of supernova remnant W49B reveal nonthermal bremsstrahlung emission up to 20 keV, providing new insights into sub-relativistic particle acceleration in the remnant.

Contribution

First detection of nonthermal X-ray emission from W49B with NuSTAR, identifying electron bremsstrahlung as the likely mechanism.

Findings

Detected nonthermal X-ray component up to 20 keV

Photon index of the nonthermal emission is approximately 1.4

Emission consistent with nonthermal electron bremsstrahlung

Abstract

We report on NuSTAR observations of the mixed morphology supernova remnant (SNR) W49B, focusing on its nonthermal emission. Whereas radio observations as well as recent gamma-ray observations evidenced particle acceleration in this SNR, nonthermal X-ray emission has not been reported so far. With the unprecedented sensitivity of NuSTAR in the hard X-ray band, we detect a significant power-law-like component extending up to $\sim 20~{\rm keV}$, most probably of nonthermal origin. The newly discovered component has a photon index of $\Gamma =1.4^{+1.0}_{-1.1}$ with an energy flux between 10 and 20 keV of $(3.3 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{-13}~{\rm erg}~{\rm cm}^{-2}~{\rm s}^{-1}$. The emission mechanism is discussed based on the NuSTAR data combined with those in other wavelengths in the literature. The NuSTAR data, in terms both of the spectral slope and of the flux, are best interpreted as nonthermal electron bremsstrahlung. If this scenario is the case, then the NuSTAR emission provides a new probe to sub-relativistic particles accelerated in the SNR.