Sound propagation and Mach cone in anisotropic hydrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates sound wave propagation and Mach cone formation in anisotropic hydrodynamics, revealing that anisotropy causes asymmetry in Mach cone angles and results in an ellipsoidal wave front.

Contribution

It derives the sound wave equation in anisotropic hydrodynamics and analyzes the resulting asymmetric Mach cone phenomena, a novel insight into wave behavior in anisotropic media.

Findings

Sound wave front is ellipsoidal in anisotropic hydrodynamics.

Mach cone becomes asymmetric with distinct left and right angles.

Angles depend on propagation direction and anisotropy coefficient.

Abstract

This letter is based on a kinetic theory approach to anisotropic hydrodynamics. We derive the sound wave equation in anisotropic hydrodynamics and show that a corresponding wave front is ellipsoidal. The phenomenon of Mach cone emission in anisotropic hydrodynamics is studied. It is shown that Mach cone in anisotropic case becomes asymmetric, i. e. in this limit they're two different angles, left and right with respect to the ultrasonic particle direction, which are determined by the direction of ultrasonic particle propagation and the asymmetry coefficient.