Compact Cactus Representations of all Non-Trivial Min-Cuts

TL;DR

This paper introduces a simplified contraction-based sparsifier that efficiently preserves all non-trivial min-cuts in a graph, leading to a compact cactus representation and improved algorithms for listing min-cuts.

Contribution

It presents a new contraction-based sparsification method that eliminates poly-logarithmic factors, enabling near-linear time computation and a more compact cactus representation of min-cuts.

Findings

Achieves contraction-based sparsification with O(n/δ) vertices and O(n) edges in near-linear time.

Provides a cactus representation with O(n/δ) vertices for all non-trivial min-cuts.

Improves min-cut listing time to near-linear, surpassing previous bounds.

Abstract

Recently, Kawarabayashi and Thorup presented the first deterministic edge-connectivity recognition algorithm in near-linear time. A crucial step in their algorithm uses the existence of vertex subsets of a simple graph $G$ on $n$ vertices whose contractions leave a multigraph with $\tilde{O}(n/\delta)$ vertices and $\tilde{O}(n)$ edges that preserves all non-trivial min-cuts of $G$, where $\delta$ is the minimum degree of $G$ and $\tilde{O}$ hides logarithmic factors. We present a simple argument that improves this contraction-based sparsifier by eliminating the poly-logarithmic factors, that is, we show a contraction-based sparsification that leaves $O(n/\delta)$ vertices and $O(n)$ edges, preserves all non-trivial min-cuts and can be computed in near-linear time $\tilde{O}(m)$, where $m$ is the number of edges of $G$. We also obtain that every simple graph has $O((n/\delta)^2)$ non-trivial min-cuts. Our approach allows to represent all non-trivial min-cuts of a graph by a cactus representation, whose cactus graph has $O(n/\delta)$ vertices. Moreover, this cactus representation can be derived directly from the standard cactus representation of all min-cuts in linear time. We apply this compact structure to show that all min-cuts can be explicitly listed in $\tilde{O}(m) + O(n^2 / \delta)$ time for every simple graph, which improves the previous best time bound $O(nm)$ given by Gusfield and Naor.