A highly granular calorimeter concept for long baseline near detectors

TL;DR

This paper explores a high-granularity electromagnetic calorimeter concept for the DUNE near detector, aiming to improve event reconstruction and particle identification through detailed simulation studies.

Contribution

It introduces a novel high-granularity calorimeter design optimized for the DUNE near detector, analyzing its performance with various configurations and integration with a high-pressure TPC.

Findings

Enhanced photon shower direction reconstruction

Improved neutral pion association with neutrino interactions

Sensitivity to neutrons demonstrated in simulations

Abstract

Future long baseline neutrino experiments such as the DUNE experiment under construction at Fermilab will perform precision measurements of neutrino oscillations, including the potential for the discovery of CP violation in the lepton sector. These measurements require an understanding of the unoscillated neutrino beam with unprecedented accuracy. This will be provided by complex near detectors which consist of different subsystems including tracking elements and electromagnetic calorimetry. A high granularity in the calorimeter, provided by scintillator tiles with SiPM readout as used in the CALICE analog hadron calorimeter, provides the capability for direction reconstruction of photon showers, which can be used to determine the decay positions of neutral pions. This can enable the association of neutral pions to neutrino interactions in the tracker volume, improving the event reconstruction of the near detector. Beyond photon and electron reconstruction, the calorimeter also provides sensitivity to neutrons. In this presentation, we will discuss a simulation study exploring the potential of high granularity for the electromagnetic calorimeter of the DUNE near detector. Particular emphasis will be placed on the combination with a high pressure TPC as tracking detector, which puts particularly stringent requirements on the calorimeter. The dependence of the projected detector performance on granularity, absorber material and absorber thickness as well as geometric arrangement satisfying the constraints of the TPC are explored.