Shaped nozzles for cryogenic buffer gas beam sources

TL;DR

This paper investigates the use of shaped nozzles in cryogenic buffer gas beam sources, demonstrating improvements in beam collimation, temperature, and flux, which enhance cold molecule production.

Contribution

It introduces a converging-diverging nozzle design for buffer gas beams, showing its benefits over traditional nozzles in cold molecule experiments.

Findings

Improved beam collimation with shaped nozzles

Lower transverse temperatures achieved

Higher fluxes per solid angle observed

Abstract

Cryogenic buffer gas beams are important sources of cold molecules. In this work we explore the use of a converging-diverging nozzle with a buffer-gas beam. We find that, under appropriate circumstances, the use of a nozzle can produce a beam with improved collimation, lower transverse temperatures, and higher fluxes per solid angle.