Oscillatory switching centrifugation: dynamics of a particle in a pulsating vortex

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a pulsating vortex can control particle trajectories, enabling switching between attraction and repulsion, with implications for particle separation and microfluidic applications.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of oscillatory switching centrifugation, showing how vortex pulsation frequency can manipulate particle dynamics in novel ways.

Findings

Vortex pulsation frequency controls particle attractor or repellor behavior.

Non-trivial limit cycles emerge at boundaries between centrifugal and centripetal regions.

The phenomenon has potential applications in particle separation and microfluidic devices.

Abstract

The dynamics of a small rigid spherical particle in an unbounded pulsating vortex is considered, keeping constant the particle Stokes number St and varying the particle-to-fluid density ratio $\varrho$ and the pulsation frequency of the vortex $\omega$. We show that the asymptotic dynamics of a particle of given St and $\varrho$ can be controlled by varying $\omega$, turning the vortex core either into an attractor or a repellor. The creation of non-trivial particle limit cycles characterizes the boundaries between centrifugal and centripetal regions in parameter space. The discovered phenomenon is termed oscillatory switching centrifugation and its implications for particle demixing processes, biological protocols, lab-on-a-chip devices and dynamical system theory are discussed in the end.