The Fractal Geometry of the Cosmic Web and its Formation

TL;DR

This paper applies multifractal geometry to analyze the large-scale structure of the universe, providing a unified framework that better aligns with gravitational laws and models cosmic web formation as turbulent dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a multifractal geometric approach to describe cosmic structures, unifying web, clustering, and voids, and models cosmic web formation as turbulence.

Findings

Multifractal spectrum differs from the adhesion model and aligns better with gravity.

Cosmic web formation resembles turbulent dynamics, extending Burgers turbulence methods.

Provides a unified geometric framework for cosmic structures.

Abstract

The cosmic web structure is studied with the concepts and methods of fractal geometry, employing the adhesion model of cosmological dynamics as a basic reference. The structures of matter clusters and cosmic voids in cosmological N-body simulations or the Sloan Digital Sky Survey are elucidated by means of multifractal geometry. A non-lacunar multifractal geometry can encompass three fundamental descriptions of the cosmic structure, namely, the web structure, hierarchical clustering, and halo distributions. Furthermore, it explains our present knowledge of cosmic voids. In this way, a unified theory of the large-scale structure of the universe seems to emerge. The multifractal spectrum that we obtain significantly differs from the one of the adhesion model and conforms better to the laws of gravity. The formation of the cosmic web is best modeled as a type of turbulent dynamics, generalizing the known methods of Burgers turbulence.