DELMU: A Deep Learning Approach to Maximising the Utility of Virtualised Millimetre-Wave Backhauls

TL;DR

DELMU is a deep learning framework designed to optimize resource allocation in 5G millimetre-wave backhaul networks, achieving near-optimal utility with high speed and adaptability to dynamic traffic demands.

Contribution

This paper introduces DELMU, a novel deep learning approach for utility maximization in mm-wave backhaul slicing, capable of handling complex, non-convex utility functions efficiently.

Findings

DELMU achieves up to 62% utility gains over baseline methods.

The method computes near-optimal allocations within minutes.

It adapts effectively to highly dynamic traffic conditions.

Abstract

Advances in network programmability enable operators to 'slice' the physical infrastructure into independent logical networks. By this approach, each network slice aims to accommodate the demands of increasingly diverse services. However, precise allocation of resources to slices across future 5G millimetre-wave backhaul networks, to optimise the total network utility, is challenging. This is because the performance of different services often depends on conflicting requirements, including bandwidth, sensitivity to delay, or the monetary value of the traffic incurred. In this paper, we put forward a general rate utility framework for slicing mm-wave backhaul links, encompassing all known types of service utilities, i.e. logarithmic, sigmoid, polynomial, and linear. We then introduce DELMU, a deep learning solution that tackles the complexity of optimising non-convex objective functions built upon arbitrary combinations of such utilities. Specifically, by employing a stack of convolutional blocks, DELMU can learn correlations between traffic demands and achievable optimal rate assignments. We further regulate the inferences made by the neural network through a simple 'sanity check' routine, which guarantees both flow rate admissibility within the network's capacity region and minimum service levels. The proposed method can be trained within minutes, following which it computes rate allocations that match those obtained with state-of-the-art global optimisation algorithms, yet orders of magnitude faster. This confirms the applicability of DELMU to highly dynamic traffic regimes and we demonstrate up to 62% network utility gains over a baseline greedy approach.