Stormy weather in 3C 196.1: nuclear outbursts and merger events shape the environment of the hybrid radio galaxy 3C 196.1
F. Ricci (1,2,3), L. Lovisari (1), R. P. Kraft (1), F. Massaro (4,5),, A. Paggi (4), E. Liuzzo (6), G. Tremblay (1), W. R. Forman (1), S. Baum, (7,8), C. O'Dea (7,9), B. Wilkes (1) (1 SAO, Cambridge, USA, 2 IA PUC,, Santiago Chile, 3 Roma Tre, Roma, Italy, 4 UniTo, Torino, Italy

TL;DR
This study analyzes the complex environment of the radio galaxy 3C 196.1 using multi-wavelength data, revealing past nuclear outbursts, merger activity, and their impact on the surrounding cluster environment.
Contribution
It provides a detailed multi-wavelength analysis of 3C 196.1, identifying cavities, shocks, and merger signatures, and estimates the energetics of AGN outbursts and their effects on the cluster.
Findings
Identification of buoyant bubbles from AGN outbursts ~280 Myrs ago.
Detection of shock features with Mach numbers 1.4-1.6.
Evidence of past merger activity indicated by gas sloshing.
Abstract
We present a multi-wavelength analysis based on archival radio, optical and X-ray data of the complex radio source 3C 196.1, whose host is the brightest cluster galaxy of a cluster. HST data show H+[N II] emission aligned with the jet 8.4 GHz radio emission. An H+[N II] filament coincides with the brightest X-ray emission, the northern hotspot. Analysis of the X-ray and radio images reveals cavities located at galactic- and cluster- scales. The galactic-scale cavity is almost devoid of 8.4 GHz radio emission and the south-western H+[N II] emission is bounded (in projection) by this cavity. The outer cavity is co-spatial with the peak of 147 MHz radio emission, and hence we interpret this depression in X-ray surface brightness as being caused by a buoyantly rising bubble originating from an AGN outburst 280 Myrs ago. A \textit{Chandra} snapshot…
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