Quantum sensing using imbalanced counter-rotating Bose--Einstein condensate modes

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum sensing device using a Bose--Einstein condensate in a ring trap with imbalanced counter-rotating modes, enabling measurement of interactions, magnetic fields, and rotations through density line rotation analysis.

Contribution

It introduces an analytical model linking density line rotation to interactions and mode imbalance, and proposes an experimental protocol for practical sensing applications.

Findings

Analytical relation between density line rotation and interaction strength.

Feasible experimental protocol for measuring system parameters.

Potential for high-precision quantum sensing using BEC modes.

Abstract

A quantum device for measuring two-body interactions, scalar magnetic fields and rotations is proposed using a Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) in a ring trap. We consider an imbalanced superposition of orbital angular momentum modes with opposite winding numbers for which a rotating minimal atomic density line appears. We derive an analytical model relating the angular frequency of the minimal density line rotation to the strength of the non-linear atom-atom interactions and the difference between the populations of the counter-propagating modes. Additionally, we propose a full experimental protocol based on direct fluorescence imaging of the BEC that allows to measure all the quantities involved in the analytical model and use the system for sensing purposes.