TL;DR
This paper introduces the axial Casimir force, a novel dissipationless vacuum force acting on a rotating particle near bi-isotropic media, which depends on symmetry properties and aligns with the rotation axis.
Contribution
The study identifies and characterizes the axial Casimir force, a new type of dissipationless vacuum force influenced by media symmetry breaking.
Findings
The axial Casimir force acts parallel to the rotation axis.
It exists near bi-isotropic media with broken parity or time-reversal symmetry.
The force is dissipationless and distinct from Casimir friction.
Abstract
Quantum fluctuations in vacuum can exert a dissipative force on moving objects, which is known as Casimir friction. Especially, a rotating particle in the vacuum will eventually slow down due to the dissipative Casimir friction. Here, we identify a dissipationless force by examining a rotating particle near a bi-isotropic media that generally breaks parity symmetry or/and time-reversal symmetry. The direction of the dissipationless vacuum force is always parallel with the rotating axis of the particle. We therefore call this dissipationless vacuum force the axial Casimir force.
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