Probing Dark Universe with Exceptional Points

TL;DR

This paper proposes using exceptional points in coupled photonic cavities to enhance the detection sensitivity of dark matter particles like axions and paraphotons, leveraging frequency metrology techniques.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method utilizing exceptional points to boost weak coupling detection sensitivity for dark sector particles without requiring extreme cooling or magnetic fields.

Findings

Exceptional points can amplify weak signals from dark matter interactions.

Frequency shifts scale with fractional powers of coupling constants, improving detection prospects.

Resonance frequency dependencies enable detection of extremely small coupling constants.

Abstract

It is demonstrated that detection of putative particles such as paraphotons and axions constituting the dark sector of the universe can be reduced to detection of extremely weak links or couplings between cavities and modes. This method allows utilisation of extremely sensitive frequency metrology methods that are not limited by traditional requirements on ultra low temperatures, strong magnetic fields and sophisticated superconducting technology. We show that exceptional points in the eigenmode structure of coupled modes may be used to boost the sensitivity of dark matter mediated weak links. We find observables that are proportional to fractional powers of fundamental coupling constants. Particularly, in the case of axion detection, it is demonstrated that resonance frequency scaling with $\sim \sqrt{g_{a\gamma\gamma}\theta}$ and $\sim \sqrt[3]{g_{a\gamma\gamma}\theta}$ dependencies can be realised in a ternary photonic cavity system, which is beneficial as these coupling constants are extremely small.