Evaluating the Effect of Four Unknown Parameters Included in a Latitudinal Energy Balance Model on the Habitability of Exoplanets

TL;DR

This study uses a Latitudinal Energy Balance Model to analyze how four unknown physical parameters influence exoplanet habitability, providing insights into their effects and quantifying the associated probabilities.

Contribution

It introduces a method to assess the impact of four previously unquantifiable parameters on exoplanet habitability using a statistical approach within the LEBM framework.

Findings

Pressure has a significant impact on temperature and habitability.

The effect of other parameters is discussed in detail.

Conditional probabilities of habitability are quantified for each planet.

Abstract

Among different models for determining the habitable zone (HZ) around a star, a Latitudinal Energy Balance Model (LEBM) is very beneficial due to its parametricity which keeps a good balance between complexity and simulation time. This flexibility makes the LEBM an excellent tool to assess the impact of some key physical parameters on the temperature and the habitability of a planet. Among different physical parameters, some of them, up until now, cannot be determined by any method such as the planet's spin obliquity, diurnal period, ocean-land ratio, and pressure level. Here we apply this model to study the effect of these unknown parameters on the habitability of three exoplanets located in the inner, outer, and middle of their optimistic HZ. Among the examined parameters, the impact of pressure is more straightforward. It has a nearly direct relation with temperature and also with the habitability in the case of a cold planet. The effect of other parameters is discussed with details. To quantify the impact of all these unknown parameters we utilize a statistical interface which provides us with the conditional probability on habitability status of each planet.