Form Factors and Generalized Parton Distributions of Heavy Quarkonia in Basis Light Front Quantization

TL;DR

This paper computes electromagnetic form factors and generalized parton distributions of heavy quarkonia using Basis Light Front Quantization, integrating holographic QCD and one-gluon exchange, and compares results to explore relativistic effects.

Contribution

It introduces a novel BLFQ-based method for calculating form factors and GPDs of heavy quarkonia with holographic and one-gluon exchange interactions, providing new insights into relativistic effects.

Findings

BLFQ results match well with single basis state descriptions.

Relativistic effects are significant in form factors.

GPDs for radially excited mesons are established.

Abstract

We calculate the electromagnetic (charge, magnetic and quadrupole) form factors and the associated static moments of heavy quarkonia (charmonia and bottomonia) using the Basis Light Front Quantization (BLFQ) approach. For this work, we adopt light front wavefunctions (LFWFs) generated by a holographic QCD confining potential and a one-gluon exchange interaction with fixed coupling. We compare our BLFQ results with the limiting case of a single BLFQ basis state description of heavy quarkonia and with other available results. These comparisons provide insights into relativistic effects. Using the same LFWFs generated in the BLFQ approach, we also present the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) for selected mesons including those for radially excited mesons such as $\psi^\prime$ and $\Upsilon^\prime$. Our GPD results establish the foundation within BLFQ for further investigating hadronic structure such as probing the spin structure of spin-one hadrons in the off-forward limit.