Usability of the Size, Spacing, and Depth of Virtual Buttons on Head-Mounted Displays
Kyudong Park, Dohyeon Kim, Sung H. Han

TL;DR
This study investigates how the size, spacing, and depth of virtual buttons on head-mounted displays affect usability, revealing optimal dimensions and trade-offs between efficiency and fatigue in VR environments.
Contribution
It provides empirical data on optimal button size, spacing, and depth for VR HMDs, highlighting usability trade-offs and practical guidelines for virtual button design.
Findings
Optimal button size is 25 mm for usability.
Spacing between 5 mm and 9 mm improves performance.
Touch method reduces task time; push method reduces errors.
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) allows users to see and manipulate virtual scenes and items through input devices, like head-mounted displays. In this study, the effects of button size, spacing, and depth on the usability of virtual buttons in VR environments were investigated. Task completion time, number of errors, and subjective preferences were collected to test different levels of the button size, spacing, and depth. The experiment was conducted in a desktop setting with Oculus Rift and Leap motion. A total of 18 subjects performed a button selection task. The optimal levels of button size and spacing within the experimental conditions are 25 mm and between 5 mm and 9 mm, respectively. Button sizes of 15 mm with 1-mm spacing were too small to be used in VR environments. A trend of decreasing task completion time and the number of errors was observed as button size and spacing increased.…
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Taxonomy
TopicsInteractive and Immersive Displays · Tactile and Sensory Interactions · Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
