3D study of centrifugal acceleration in isotropic photon fields

TL;DR

This paper investigates the relativistic motion of charged particles along dipolar magnetic field lines in isotropic photon fields, revealing the formation of stable equilibrium surfaces influenced by photon-induced drag forces.

Contribution

It introduces a combined analysis of single particles and particle ensembles to identify stable equilibrium surfaces affected by photon drag in relativistic magnetic fields.

Findings

Two distinct stable equilibrium surfaces identified.

Equilibrium surface shapes depend on photon field parameters.

Conditions for the formation of stable surfaces are characterized.

Abstract

In this paper we study relativistic dynamics of charged particles co-rotating with prescribed trajectories, having the shape of dipolar magnetic field lines. In particular, we consider the role of the drag force caused by the photon field the forming of equilibrium positions of the charged particles. Alongside a single particle approach we also study behaviour of ensemble of particles in the context of stable positions. As we have shown, together they create surfaces where particles are at stable equilibrium positions. In this paper we examine these shapes and study parameters they depend on. It has been found that under certain conditions there are two distinct surfaces with stable equilibrium positions.