Large U(1) charges in F-theory

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the construction of 6D F-theory models with a U(1) gauge group that can support massless fields with very large charges, up to at least q=21, helping to clarify the landscape of consistent theories.

Contribution

It explicitly constructs F-theory Weierstrass models with large abelian charges and analyzes the maximum charge allowed, addressing swampland constraints.

Findings

Massless fields with charges up to q=21 constructed.

Explicit F-theory models with large U(1) charges provided.

Maximum allowed charge helps distinguish consistent theories from the swampland.

Abstract

We show that massless fields with large abelian charges (up to at least q = 21) can be constructed in 6D F-theory models with a U(1) gauge group. To show this, we explicitly construct F-theory Weierstrass models with nonabelian gauge groups that can be broken to U(1) theories with a variety of large charges. Determining the maximum abelian charge allowed in such a theory is key to eliminating what seems currently to be an infinite swampland of apparently consistent U(1) supergravity theories with large charges.