Strangeness neutrality and baryon-strangeness correlations

TL;DR

This paper establishes a simple relation linking strangeness neutrality to baryon-strangeness correlations in QCD matter, enabling direct extraction of correlations from strangeness chemical potential, with implications for understanding the QCD phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a novel relation between strangeness neutrality and baryon-strangeness correlations, derived within a low energy QCD model using functional renormalization group methods.

Findings

Baryon-strangeness correlations are highly sensitive to the QCD phase transition.

Strangeness neutrality significantly influences baryon-strangeness correlation measurements.

The relation allows direct extraction of correlations from strangeness chemical potential.

Abstract

We derive a simple relation between strangeness neutrality and baryon-strangeness correlations. In heavy-ion collisions, the former is a consequence of quark number conservation of the strong interactions while the latter are sensitive probes of the character of QCD matter. This relation allows us to directly extract baryon-strangeness correlations from the strangeness chemical potential at strangeness neutrality. The explicit calculations are performed within a low energy theory of QCD with 2+1 dynamical quark flavors at finite temperature and density. Non-perturbative quark and hadron fluctuations are taken into account within the functional renormalization group. The results show the pronounced sensitivity of baryon-strangeness correlations on the QCD phase transition and the crucial role that strangeness neutrality plays for this observable.