Chiral magnetic interlayer coupling in synthetic antiferromagnets

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery of a long-range, antisymmetric, chiral interlayer exchange coupling in synthetic antiferromagnets, revealing a new magnetic interaction that could enable advanced topological magnetic structures.

Contribution

It uncovers a previously missing long-range antisymmetric exchange coupling in synthetic antiferromagnets, explained by spin-orbit effects and symmetry reduction.

Findings

Asymmetric hysteresis loops indicate a unidirectional, chiral interaction.

The interaction causes canted magnetization alignments.

It introduces a new degree of freedom for magnetic structure engineering.

Abstract

The exchange coupling underlies ferroic magnetic coupling and is thus the key element that governs statics and dynamics of magnetic systems. This fundamental interaction comes in two flavors - symmetric and antisymmetric coupling. While symmetric coupling leads to ferro- and antiferromagnetism, antisymmetric coupling has attracted significant interest owing to its major role in promoting topologically non-trivial spin textures that promise high-speed and energy-efficient devices. So far, the antisymmetric exchange coupling rather short-ranged and limited to a single magnetic layer has been demonstrated, while the symmetric coupling also leads to long-range interlayer exchange coupling. Here, we report the missing component of the long-range antisymmetric interlayer exchange coupling in perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnets with parallel and antiparallel magnetization alignments. Asymmetric hysteresis loops under an in-plane field unambiguously reveal a unidirectional and chiral nature of this novel interaction, which cannot be accounted for by existing coupling mechanisms, resulting in canted magnetization alignments. This can be explained by spin-orbit coupling combined with reduced symmetry in multilayers. This new class of chiral interaction provides an additional degree of freedom for engineering magnetic structures and promises to enable a new class of three-dimensional topological structures.