Compound Poisson approximation for regularly varying fields with application to sequence alignment

TL;DR

This paper develops a new theoretical framework for understanding the extremal behavior of stationary regularly varying random fields, with applications to biological sequence alignment.

Contribution

It introduces a novel anchoring concept for extremal clusters and a general Poisson approximation framework for point processes on Polish spaces.

Findings

Characterization of asymptotic shape of extremal clusters

New Poisson approximation method for point processes

Application to biological sequence alignment analysis

Abstract

The article determines the asymptotic shape of the extremal clusters in stationary regularly varying random fields. To deduce this result, we present a general framework for the Poisson approximation of point processes on Polish spaces which appears to be of independent interest. We further introduce a novel and convenient concept of anchoring of the extremal clusters for regularly varying sequences and fields. Together with the Poissonian approximation theory, this allows for a concise description of the limiting behavior of random fields in this setting. We apply this theory to shed entirely new light on the classical problem of evaluating local alignments of biological sequences.