Formation of Solitonic Bound State via Light-Matter Interaction

TL;DR

This paper explores how light-matter interactions can create stable localized modes in Bose-Einstein condensates, leading to the formation of solitonic bound states influenced by optical potentials and atom interactions.

Contribution

It demonstrates the formation and stability of localized modes and solitonic bound states in BECs induced by specific light-matter interactions and optical potentials.

Findings

Localized laser pulses induce stable localized modes in BECs.

Stable localized modes occur under repulsive atom-atom interactions.

Energy transfer from laser pulses to atoms varies with light-matter interaction sign.

Abstract

Exchange of energy by means of light-matter interaction provides a new dimension to various nonlinear dynamical systems. Here, the effects of light-matter interaction are investigated for a situation, where two counter-propagating, orthogonally polarized laser pulses are incident on the atomic condensate. It's observed that a localized laser pulse profile can induce localized modes in Bose-Einstein condensate. A stability analysis performed using Vakhitov-Kolokolov-like criterion has established that these localized modes are stable, when the atom-atom interaction is repulsive. The cooperative effects of light-matter interactions and atom-atom interactions on the Lieb-mode have been studied in the stable region through atomic dispersion, revealing the signature of bound state formation when the optical potential is P\"oschl-Teller type. The energy diagram also indicates a continuous transfer of energy from the laser pulses to the atoms as the light-matter interaction changes its sign.