Internet of Nano-Things, Things and Everything: Future Growth Trends

TL;DR

This paper reviews the current state and future prospects of IoT, IoE, and IoNT, highlighting distinctions, challenges, and potential applications while emphasizing the need for addressing security and reliability issues.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive survey distinguishing IoT, IoE, and IoNT, and identifies key future challenges and scenarios for their technological development.

Findings

Identifies 21 significant future challenges.

Highlights distinctions between IoT and IoE.

Emphasizes security and reliability concerns.

Abstract

The current statuses and future promises of the Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE) and Internet of Nano-Things (IoNT) are extensively reviewed and a summarized survey is presented. The analysis clearly distinguishes between IoT and IoE, which are wrongly considered to be the same by many commentators. After evaluating the current trends of advancement in the fields of IoT, IoE and IoNT, this paper identifies the 21 most significant current and future challenges as well as scenarios for the possible future expansion of their applications. Despite possible negative aspects of these developments, there are grounds for general optimism about the coming technologies. Certainly, many tedious tasks can be taken over by IoT devices. However, the dangers of criminal and other nefarious activities, plus those of hardware and software errors, pose major challenges that are a priority for further research. Major specific priority issues for research are identified.