The interaction of multiple stellar winds in stellar clusters: potential flow

TL;DR

This paper analytically investigates the complex flow structures formed by multiple stellar winds within stellar clusters, revealing distinct regions, narrow outflow channels, and eventual spherical symmetry at large distances.

Contribution

It introduces an analytical approach using complex potentials to study the internal flow structures of interacting stellar winds, extending from planar to three-dimensional asymmetric configurations.

Findings

Identification of regions influenced by individual stellar winds

Discovery of narrow outflow channels within the cluster

Large-scale wind approaches spherical symmetry asymptotically

Abstract

While several studies have investigated large-scale cluster winds resulting from an intra-cluster interaction of multiple stellar winds, as yet they have not provided details of the bordering flows inside a given cluster. The present work explores the principal structure of the combined flow resulting from the interaction of multiple stellar winds inside stellar clusters. The theory of complex potentials is applied to analytically investigate stagnation points, boundaries between individual outflows, and the hydrodynamic structure of the asymptotic large-scale cluster wind. In a second part, these planar considerations are extended to fully three-dimensional, asymmetric configurations of wind-driving stars. We find (i) that one can distinguish regions in the large-scale cluster wind that are determined by the individual stellar winds, (ii) that there are comparatively narrow outflow channels, and (iii) that the large-scale cluster wind asymptotically approaches spherical symmetry at large distances. The combined flow inside a stellar cluster resulting from the interaction of multiple stellar winds is highly structured.