Two-photon exchange correction to the Lamb shift and hyperfine splitting of S levels

TL;DR

This paper calculates two-photon exchange corrections to the Lamb shift and hyperfine splitting in hydrogen and muonic hydrogen, using experimental data to improve the precision of atomic energy level measurements.

Contribution

It provides updated two-photon exchange correction estimates for S states in hydrogen and includes the neutron's contribution, enhancing the accuracy of isotope shift and hyperfine splitting analyses.

Findings

Refined two-photon exchange corrections for hydrogen S states.

Included neutron contributions in the corrections.

Results improve the precision of hyperfine splitting and isotope shift measurements.

Abstract

We evaluate the two-photon exchange corrections to the Lamb shift and hyperfine splitting of S states in electronic hydrogen relying on modern experimental data and present the two-photon exchange on a neutron inside the electronic and muonic atoms. These results are relevant for the precise extraction of the isotope shift as well as in the analysis of the ground state hyperfine splitting in usual and muonic hydrogen.