Colour field densities of the quark-antiquark excited flux tubes in SU(3) lattice QCD

TL;DR

This study investigates the excited flux tube structures in SU(3) lattice QCD, revealing detailed field density profiles and exploring phenomena beyond traditional string models using advanced computational techniques.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive method combining Wilson loop techniques, GPU acceleration, and quantum number separation to analyze excited flux tubes in lattice QCD.

Findings

First excitation flux tube profiles characterized.

Evidence of phenomena beyond Nambu-Goto string model.

Identification of different angular momentum and parity states.

Abstract

We combine techniques previously utilised to study flux tube field density profiles and to study the excited spectrum of the gluonic fields produced by a static quark-antiquark pair. Working with pure gauge SU(3) fields discretised in a lattice, we utilise Wilson loops with a large basis of gluonic spacelike Wilson lines to include different excitations of the quark-antiquark flux tube. To increase the signal over noise ratio, we use the multihit technique in the temporal Wilson lines and the APE smearing in spatial Wilson lines. The number of gluonic operators combined with the space points where we compute the flux tube densities turns out to be very large, and we resort to GPUs and to CUDA codes. Computing the effective mass plot from the diagonalized correlation matrix, we separate the excitations with different two-dimensional angular momentum, parity and radial quantum numbers. We then compute the colour field density profiles for all the components of the colour electric and colour magnetic fields. We analyse our results for the first excitations of the flux tube and search for signals of novel phenomena beyond the Nambu-Goto string model, such as a longitudinal mode or an explicit gluon.