Demonstration of Slow Light in a Rubidium Vapour Using Single Photons from a Trapped Ion

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the first interaction of photons from a trapped ion with neutral atoms by using slow light in a warm rubidium vapor, enabling hybrid quantum interfaces for future networks.

Contribution

It introduces a hybrid quantum interface by delaying single photons from a trapped ion using slow light in rubidium vapor, preserving photon properties for quantum networking.

Findings

Single photons from a trapped ion were delayed by up to 13.5 ns.

The delay was tunable and preserved photon temporal properties.

This demonstrates a hybrid interface linking different quantum systems.

Abstract

Practical implementation of quantum networks are likely to interface different types of quantum systems. When photonic interconnects link the systems together, they must preserve the quantum properties of the photon. These light-matter interfaces may be used as necessary communication tools, such as to synchronise photon arrival times for entanglement distribution. Trapped ions are strong candidates for communication nodes owing to their long qubit life time (C. Langer, et al., PRL., 238, 060502, (2005)) and high fidelity ion-photon entanglement (A. Stute, et al., Nat., 485, 482, (2012)), whilst neutral atoms are versatile quantum systems, useful as memories (L.M. Duan, et al., Nat., 414, 413 (2001), B. Jing, et al., arXiv:1801.01193, H. P. Specht, Nat., 473, 190 (2011)), for photon storage (O. Katz, et al., Nat. Comm., 9, 2074 (2018)) or tunable photon delay via slow light (R. M. Camacho et al., PRA, 73, 063812, (2006), Camacho et al., PRL, 98, 153601, (2007)). Development of these two quantum technologies has largely proceeded in separate tracks, partly due to their disparate wavelengths of operation, but combining these platforms offers a compelling hybrid quantum system for use in quantum networking and distributed quantum computing. Here, we demonstrate the first interaction of photons emitted from a trapped ion, with neutral atoms by implementing slow light in a warm atomic vapour. We use two hyperfine absorption resonances in a warm $^{87}$Rb vapour to provide a slow light medium in which a single photon from a trapped Ba$^+$ ion is delayed by up to 13.5$\pm$0.5 ns. The delay is tunable and preserves the temporal properties of the photons. This result showcases a hybrid interface, useful for linking different quantum systems together, or as a synchronisation tool for the arrival times of photons - an essential tool for future quantum networks.