Interacting bosons in two-dimensional lattices with localized dissipation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how local dissipation affects the dynamics of interacting bosons in a 2D optical lattice, revealing non-monotonic particle loss behavior near the superfluid-Mott boundary and proposing dissipation as a probe for quantum phases.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework combining Gutzwiller mean-field theory and Lindblad equations to analyze dissipation effects in 2D bosonic systems, highlighting phase-dependent loss behaviors.

Findings

Particle loss is suppressed in deep superfluid regime due to quantum Zeno effect.

Near the phase boundary, particle loss shows non-monotonic dependence on dissipation strength.

Dissipative dynamics can distinguish between strongly and weakly correlated superfluid regimes.

Abstract

Motivated by the recent experiment [Takafumi Tomita \emph{et al.}, Sci. Adv. {\bf 3}, (2017)], we study the dynamics of interacting bosons in a two-dimensional optical lattice with local dissipation. Together with the Gutzwiller mean-field theory for density matrices and Lindblad master equation, we show how the onsite interaction between bosons affects the particle loss for various strengths of dissipation. For moderate dissipation, the trend in particle loss differs significantly near the superfluid-Mott boundary than the deep superfluid regime. While the loss is suppressed for stronger dissipation in the deep superfluid regime, revealing the typical quantum Zeno effect, the loss near the phase boundary shows non-monotonic dependence on the dissipation strength. We furthermore show that close to the phase boundary, the long-time dynamics is well contrasted with the dissipative dynamics deep into the superfluid regime. Thus the loss of particle due to dissipation may act as a probe to differentiate strongly-correlated superfluid regime from its weakly-correlated counterpart.