A SALT Spectral Study of S0s Hosting Pseudobulges

TL;DR

This study uses SALT spectroscopy to analyze the star formation histories of S0 galaxies with pseudobulges, revealing diverse evolutionary processes influenced by bars and gas content.

Contribution

It provides detailed spectroscopic evidence of star formation and bar effects in S0 pseudobulges, expanding understanding of their formation and evolution.

Findings

Unbarred galaxies show extended star formation histories.

Presence of strong emission lines indicates active star formation.

Barred galaxies exhibit older stellar populations, suggesting accelerated formation.

Abstract

We present a SALT-RSS spectroscopic study of a sample of S0 galaxies established by Vaghmare et al. (2015) as having pseudobulges using a combination of photometric criteria. We extract the spectra of various regions along the galaxy major axis using standard long-slit spectroscopic reduction procedures and model the spectra using STARLIGHT to derive detailed star formation histories. The central spectra of galaxies without bars in our sample reveal a complex star formation history, which is consistent with the belief that pseudobulges have a history of star formation distributed over extended periods of time. The spectra of the unbarred galaxies contain strong emission lines such as H $\alpha$, indicating active star formation, which appears to be in contradiction with the expectation that S0 galaxies have been stripped of gas. In the case of the two barred galaxies in the sample, the spectrum is dominated by light from a much older stellar population. This seems to suggest an accelerated formation of the pseudobulge made possible by the action of the bar. One of these galaxies appears to have exhausted its reservoir of gas and thus has no signature of a recently formed population of stars while the other galaxy has managed to give rise to new stars through a recent funnelling action. We have also confirmed the influence of bars on the nature of the stellar population in a pseudobulge using an alternate sample based on the SDSS