Resonant Driving induced Ferromagnetism in the Fermi Hubbard Model

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that resonant periodic driving in a Fermi Hubbard model can induce ferromagnetism through correlated hopping, revealing a novel kinetic-energy-driven mechanism distinct from traditional interaction-based ferromagnetism.

Contribution

It introduces a new mechanism for ferromagnetism in driven Fermi Hubbard models via correlated hopping effects at resonance.

Findings

Discovery of ferromagnetic phases in weakly interacting regimes

Identification of correlated hopping as the driving mechanism

Observation of phase separation and density wave phases

Abstract

In this letter we consider quantum phases and the phase diagram of a Fermi Hubbard model under periodic driving that has been realized in recent cold atom experiments, in particular, when the driving frequency is resonant with the interaction energy. Due to the resonant driving, the effective Hamiltonian contains a correlated hopping term where the density occupation strongly modifies the hopping strength. Focusing on half filling, in addition to the charge and spin density wave phases, large regions of ferromagnetic phase and phase separation are discovered in the weakly interacting regime. The mechanism of this ferromagnetism is attributed to the correlated hopping because the hopping strength within a ferromagnetic domain is normalized to a larger value than the hopping strength across the domain. Thus, the kinetic energy favors a large ferromagnetic domain and consequently drives the system into a ferromagnetic phase. We note that this is a different mechanism in contrast to the well-known Stoner mechanism for ferromagnetism where the ferromagnetism is driven by interaction energy.