A Model for Coronal Hole Bright Points and Jets due to Moving Magnetic Elements

TL;DR

This study uses 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations to model how moving magnetic elements in coronal holes produce bright points and jets through reconnection processes, revealing different morphologies and energetic behaviors.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed simulation framework for coronal bright points and jets, demonstrating how magnetic flux movements lead to various observed phenomena.

Findings

Different bright-point morphologies, from loops to sigmoids, are produced.

Shearing near the separatrix causes quasi-periodic reconnection and bright points.

Shearing near the PIL leads to filament eruptions and explosive jets.

Abstract

Coronal jets and bright points occur prolifically in predominantly unipolar magnetic regions, such as coronal holes, where they appear above minority-polarity intrusions. Intermittent low-level reconnection and explosive, high-energy-release reconnection above these intrusions are thought to generate bright points and jets, respectively. The magnetic field above the intrusions possesses a spine-fan topology with a coronal null point. The movement of magnetic flux by surface convection adds free energy to this field, forming current sheets and inducing reconnection. We conducted three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of moving magnetic elements as a model for coronal jets and bright points. A single minority-polarity concentration was subjected to three different experiments: a large-scale surface flow that sheared part of the separatrix surface only, a large-scale surface flow that also sheared part of the polarity inversion line surrounding the minority flux, and the latter flow setup plus a "fly-by" of a majority-polarity concentration past the moving minority-polarity element. We found that different bright-point morphologies, from simple loops to sigmoids, were created. When only the field near the separatrix was sheared, steady interchange reconnection modulated by quasi-periodic, low-intensity bursts of reconnection occurred, suggestive of a bright point with periodically varying intensity. When the field near the PIL was strongly sheared, on the other hand, filament channels repeatedly formed and erupted via the breakout mechanism, explosively increasing the interchange reconnection and generating non-helical jets. The fly-by produced even more energetic and explosive jets. Our results explain several key aspects of coronal-hole bright points and jets, and the relationships between them.