Recent Anomalies in B Physics

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent anomalies in B physics that may hint at new physics beyond the standard model, discusses various theoretical models proposed to explain these anomalies, and emphasizes the importance of future experimental data for validation.

Contribution

It summarizes current B physics anomalies, evaluates existing theoretical models including leptoquarks and Z' bosons, and highlights the need for further testing and new models to explain these phenomena.

Findings

Reported deviations in $R(D^{(*)})$, $P_5^ extprime$, and $R_{K^{(*)}}$ anomalies.

Existing models include leptoquark and $Z^ extprime$ explanations.

Future data from LHC Run 2 and Belle-II will be crucial for validation.

Abstract

$B$ physics plays important roles in searching for the new physics (NP) beyond the standard model (SM). Recently, some deviations between experimental data and SM predictions were reported, namely $R(D^{(*)})$, $P_5^\prime$ and $R_{K^{(*)}}$ anomalies. If these anomalies were further confirmed in future, they would be unambiguous hints of NP. Theoretically, in order to explain these anomalies, a large number of models have been proposed, such as models including leptoquark or $Z^\prime$. However, these new particles have not been discovered directly in LHC. Moreover, the models should pass the examination of $B_s\to \mu^+\mu^-$ and $B_s^0-\bar B_s^0$ mixing. In future, the analysis of data taken during the ongoing Run 2 of the LHC and the forthcoming Belle-II will present new insight both into the observables of interest and into new strategies to control uncertainties. Theoretically, the existed models should be further tested; and more NP models are welcomed to explain these anomalies simultaneously without affecting other measurements consistent with SM.