X-Ray Luminosity and Size Relationship of Supernova Remnants in the LMC

TL;DR

This study investigates the relationship between X-ray luminosity and size of supernova remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud, revealing how environmental factors influence their X-ray properties and evolution.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of SNR sizes and X-ray luminosities, highlighting differences based on type and environment, and offers insights into SNR evolutionary models.

Findings

Small SNRs are all Type Ia with high X-ray luminosity.

Medium SNRs show bifurcation in X-ray brightness based on environment.

Large SNRs exhibit decreasing X-ray luminosity with increasing size.

Abstract

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has $\sim$60 confirmed supernova remnants (SNRs). Because of the known distance, 50 kpc, the SNRs' angular sizes can be converted to linear sizes, and their X-ray observations can be used to assess X-ray luminosities ($L_X$). We have critically examined the LMC SNRs' sizes reported in the literature to determine the most plausible sizes. These sizes and the $L_X$ determined from \emph{XMM-Newton} observations are used to investigate their relationship in order to explore the environmental and evolutionary effects on the X-ray properties of SNRs. We find: (1) Small LMC SNRs, a few to 10 pc in size, are all of Type Ia with $L_X>10^{36}$ ergs s$^{-1}$. The scarcity of small core-collapse (CC) SNRs is a result of CCSNe exploding in the low-density interiors of interstellar bubbles blown by their massive progenitors during their main sequence phase. (2) Medium-sized (10-30 pc) CC SNRs show bifurcation in $L_X$, with the X-ray-bright SNRs either in an environment associated with molecular clouds or containing pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae and the X-ray-faint SNRs being located in low-density interstellar environments. (3) Large (size$>$30 pc) SNRs show a trend of $L_X$ fading with size, although the scatter is large. The observed relationship between $L_X$ and sizes can help constrain models of SNR evolution.