Semi-inclusive back-to-back production of a hadron pair and a single hadron in $e^+e^-$ annihilation

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel measurement approach in electron-positron annihilation to study fragmentation functions, enabling detailed analysis of quark flavor and spin-dependent effects through back-to-back hadron production.

Contribution

It introduces the measurement of single hadron and hadron pair production in back-to-back jets, offering new insights into unpolarized and spin-dependent dihadron fragmentation functions.

Findings

Potential to disentangle quark flavor dependence of DiFFs

Ability to test universality of spin-dependent DiFFs

Enhanced understanding of fragmentation processes in $e^+e^-$ annihilation

Abstract

Inclusive hadron production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation has long been used to study both single hadron fragmentation functions (FF) and dihadron fragmentation functions (DiFF). In particular, the polarized DiFFs can be accessed in electron-positron annihilation by measuring azimuthal correlations between two back-to-back pairs of hadrons in the center of mass system, where the relevant structure functions can be expressed as convolutions of two (polarized) DiFFs. Here we explore the advantages of measuring the inclusive back-to-back production of a single hadron on one side against a hadron pair on the opposite side of the detector in two jet events. The leading twist cross section for this process contains convolutions of the corresponding single hadron FFs on one side and the DiFFs for the hadron pair on the other side, which furnishes several interesting new opportunities. A measurement of the unpolarized cross section with a number of different types of observed hadrons will help in untangling the quark flavor dependence of the unpolarized DiFFs, when the results are analyzed together with the inclusive measurements of dihadron pairs, such as those recently performed by the $\texttt{BELLE}$ collaboration. Even more interesting, with a polarized hyperon on one side we can study the quark spin-dependent DiFFs of an unpolarized hadron pair on the other side. This, in turn, will allow us to test the universality of the spin-dependent DiFFs entering the cross sections of electron-positron annihilation and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering processes.